Word 2016 - Header/Footer not showing on blank document

Here's how to fix this:

1. In Word, click on Word, then on Preferences.
2. Select View.
3. In the Show Window Elements section, check White space between pages in Print Layout View. OK out.

THANK YOU so much for this addition to the temporary solution others were offering above. I too am using Word 2016 on my mac. I have it on my windows partition and it never does that annoying header cut-out. I tried the above solutions and got the headers but every time I went back to close word and re-open the program, it would still cut the headers. I thought... this is too impractical (to have to manually fix this every time). 

So I double clicked on the top of the page to "show the headers/footers" and then went to the "Design" tab like you described and clicked on that little green check mark "Set as Default". Closed the program, then re-opened it (for others reading this, make sure you exit the program...don't just click the red x button at the top of your document) - and voila! New default. I'm curious as to why this never was an issue on the windows version? Anyway, thanks for your solution!!!