I am having the same exact problem.
I have contacted Microsoft tech support many times now, and they have tried many things, including installing from the ISO file. The install gets to about 75% and restarts. After restarting, the installation tries to continue, but almost immediately goes
to a BSOD with a Stop Code of CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED.
It then goes back to the previous version and gives me a notice that the installation failed:
0xC1900101 - 0x4000D
The installation failed in the SECOND_BOOT phase with an error during MIGRATE_DATA operation
The last Microsoft tech support rep I talked to, a level/tier 2 tech person, after trying a number of things, finally told me that the problem was that the current version build I have on my computer is not where it needs to be to do the installation properly.
I currently have Version 1607, Build 14393
She told me that I need to have Version 1607, Build 15503
When I check to see if there are any other updates pending, none show up.
Was this Level/Tier 2 tech support person full of crap or just trying to get get of me because she simply couldn't figure out what the problem was and did not want to admit it?