I tried to install the from the list of alternate links. I downloaded "minecraft.exe". When I launched it, it gave me the error message saying "Couldn't load launcher core from C:\Users\Jenna\Downloads\game\launcher.dll; LoadErrorNotPresent" then lower it says "If this is your first time running Minecraft, please ensure you are connected to the internet so we can download updates"
However, I have 4 of 5 bars of internet, so I don't think that is the issue.
After I close this dialog box, I get an error message saying "Unable to start the Minecraft Runtime Environment. This is most likely caused by a corruption. Please try to reinstall Minecraft"
I then tried the second alternate install link marked for Windows 7, which downloads "MinecraftInstaller.msi" (the same thing that downloaded from the main page). I installed the launcher to C:\Program Files (x86)\, and it went the same as it did before. Showing the error message "Unable to Update Native Launcher"
After that, I troubleshooted (troubleshot?) the compatibility, and it tried to get me to run it in compatibility mode for Windows XP Service Pack 2, which I figured wasn't right but I tried it anyway. Same error message. Then, when the next box came up, it asked about additional permissions, so I ran it as an administrator. Same error message.