How to Fix (Potentially) Corrupted ACLs & Crashing File Explorer?

I am having some issues with File Explorer. Ever since I uninstalled the Virtual Machine Platform, I cannot open any folder in File Explorer—it freezes, and then I have to either kill it with the "End Process" popup, or it resets explorer.exe on its own. I also get the following odd behaviors:

  • Several "The Windows Search service terminated unexpectedly. It has done this x time(s)." in the Event Viewer, always followed by:
    "The Windows Search service terminated with the following error:
    File exists."
    Until now, at which point the second error has been replaced with "Access is denied" instead of "File exists" (more details in the steps I've taken below).

  • I would get the following message at startup or when I first tried to open File Explorer (no rhyme or reason to which, as far as I could tell).

I tried working through it through live support, and Hussen was very helpful, but we weren't able to fix it before I had to sign off for the night. Here is the full list of steps I've tried, more or less in order:

  • DISM

  • SFC

  • Reinstalling Virtual Machine Platform.

  • With help from Hussen in live support:

    • Restarting Explorer.

    • Reinstalling Windows 11 with the "Keep my apps and files" option.

  • Removing all CrossDevice*.* files from C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftWindows.CrossDevice_1.24012.117.0_x64__cw5n1h2txyewy\ and re-running DISM (after making backups of those files).

  • Changing the permissions of the C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftWindows.CrossDevice_1.24012.117.0_x64__cw5n1h2txyewy\ directory using Cygwin when DISM didn't replace those files and I couldn't copy them back normally, even with admin privileges (which I now realize is probably because the DLLs are in use).

  • Manually changing the ACL using the following commands. This worked now (though it didn't last night), but I can't

cd "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftWindows.CrossDevice_1.24012.117.0_x64__cw5n1h2txyewy\"
$ACL = Get-Acl -Path .\
$AccR = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule(<My_Username>, "Modify", "Allow")
$ACL.SetAccessRule($AccR)
Set-Acl "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftWindows.CrossDevice_1.24012.117.0_x64__cw5n1h2txyewy\"

I have seemed to start getting different errors—now, instead of the popup error I get above, I get the following issue instead:

Here is my system information:

  • OS: Windows 11 Home (10.0.22631 Build 22631)

  • PC: Lenovo Legion Slim 5 (Model 82Y9)

  • RAM: 32 GB (2x 16 GB DDR5-5600 SODIMM)

  • Antivirus: Avira Antivirus

What should I do at this point? This all seems to be something that corrupted itself when I tried uninstalling the Virtual Machine Platform (since VBS was having a negative effect on my system performance and seemed to be blocking a DLL that I need—keyman.dll—due to it not being a recognized Microsoft-Signed DLL), but as I noted above, the I would really prefer to avoid a complete system reset, especially if that would screw up the custom group policies I've applied, but I don't have any Restore Points set up, either.

SFC and DISM didn't even restore the CrossService.* files that I removed, it just created empty ones. How would I go about getting those fixed?

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Hi

Welcome to Microsoft community.

Based on the detailed steps you've already attempted, it's clear you're facing a complex issue related to system file corruption and permissions, potentially exacerbated by the changes made to your system's configuration. Since standard recovery options like DISM (Deployment Image Servicing and Management) and SFC (System File Checker) have not resolved the issue, and given the complications arising from manual permission changes and file deletions, here are some further suggestions you might consider:

  1. Advanced SFC and DISM Usage: Sometimes, running these tools in a specific sequence or multiple times can yield better results. First, run the DISM tool with the RestoreHealth parameter to ensure the repair source is correct and functional. Then, run the SFC scan again. The commands are as follows:

    • Open an elevated Command Prompt (Run as Administrator).

    • Type  DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth  and press Enter.

    • After DISM completes, type  sfc /scannow  and press Enter.

  2. Safe Mode Troubleshooting: Attempt running SFC and DISM in Safe Mode. Sometimes, the reduced operating environment can allow these tools to perform more thorough fixes.

  3. System Restore: Although you mentioned not having set up any Restore Points, it's worth checking if there are any automatic restore points created by Windows updates or system changes. To check and use System Restore:

    • Type "Create a restore point" in the Start menu and press Enter.

    • Go to the System Protection tab and click on "System Restore...".

    • Follow the prompts to see if there are any restore points available.

  4. In-Place Upgrade: Since you've already tried reinstalling Windows 11 while keeping your apps and files, a more thorough approach could be an in-place upgrade. This method can sometimes fix issues that persist through a standard reinstall. Download the latest Windows 11 ISO from Microsoft, mount it within your operating system, and run the setup. Choose to keep all files, settings, and applications. This approach can resolve deeper system issues while preserving your data and applications.

    Disclaimer: Let’s try performing an in-place install or in-place upgrade which will refresh your Windows files and operating system without removing files or applications. That being said, we always recommend that if you have important data, you should back it up before making large system changes. If you want to back up your data first, please do so. 

  5. Disable MicrosoftWindows.CrossDevice services.

    To disable Microsoft Windows Cross Device services in Windows 11, you can follow these steps:

    1. Press  Win + R  to open the Run dialog box.

    2. Type  services.msc  and press Enter to open the Services window.

    3. In the Services window, scroll down to find the service named "Microsoft Windows Cross Device Experience Host".

    4. Right-click on the service and select "Properties".

    5. In the Properties window, under the "General" tab, find the "Startup type" drop-down menu.

    6. Select "Disabled" from the drop-down menu.

    7. Click on the "Apply" button and then click on the "OK" button to save the changes.

    8. Close the Services window.

Then check again.

Please feel free to let me know how it goes.

Best regards

Derrick Qian | Microsoft Community Support Specialist

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Hi Derrick,

Thanks very much for the response. I should have clarified, I performed (I think) the in-place upgrade when I said I performed a reinstall—I didn't think about the distinction. I downloaded the ISO file per Hussen's guidance, and ran the setup.exe file from PowerShell or Command Shell (I forget which).

Also, I've tried a couple of workarounds/stop-gap fixes that have given me another clue: I tried installing the Files app (

https://files.community/), and when I tried running it I got a "Permission Denied" error about the C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\...\Files.exe file. Could this be an issue with the C:\Program Files\WindowsApps directory having a corrupted ACL, or something similar?

Robert

Edit: I checked on the services and I'm not even seeing a "Microsoft Windows Cross Device Experience Host" option—it doesn't seem to be installed.

It's also worth noting a few other errors I've been encountering:

  1. The clipboard history isn't visible, and I can't even get the clipboard Settings to open, the settings app just sits loading..

  2. Even before this issue happened, I've been unable to log in to my Microsoft account on *any* of my non-browser apps. I've tried creating a second local account so that my fiancee can use it when she visits, and all I get is a blank "Microsoft Account" window (see screenshot). Usually it just closed almost immediately and nothing more happened, but now that this issue is happening it just stayed until I closed it. I was getting the same behavior, a quickly appearing and disappearing "Microsoft Account" window, when I tried logging in to the feedback center.

    Image

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Update: I've tried running the Safe Mode DISM and SFC, as well as rerunning them in normal mode, and they didn't seem to work. I've also tried:

  • Changing the owner of the C:\Program Files\WindowsApps directory to the Administrators group on my computer.

  • Copying over the files from my backup directory to the original directory while in Safe Mode.

  • Running another in-place upgrade.

None of the above worked.

I did, however, find out that while I was in Safe Mode, I could use File Explorer normally.

Also, there are no System Restore Points available—I disabled it when I first got the laptop, since I hadn't been able to install a second hard drive and I didn't want to cut into the 512 GB of the first hard drive.

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Hi

Thanks for your reply.

Given the complexity of the issues you're experiencing with your Windows 11 system, particularly with the File Explorer crashes, permission errors, and other related problems following the uninstallation of the Virtual Machine Platform, it's clear that the situation has become quite intricate. Here's a structured approach to potentially resolve these issues:

1. Addressing Corrupted ACLs & Permissions

The errors and behaviors you've described suggest that the ACLs (Access Control Lists) for critical system directories, especially C:\Program Files\WindowsApps, might have become corrupted or improperly configured. The steps you've taken to manually adjust these permissions were a good attempt, but given the ongoing issues, a more thorough approach may be needed.

Since you've already tried changing the ACLs without success and encountered errors when using third-party applications like the Files app, consider taking the following steps:

a. Take Ownership & Reset Permissions

Open Command Prompt as Administrator: Right-click the Start menu, choose "Command Prompt (Admin)" or "Windows PowerShell (Admin)".

Take Ownership: Execute the following command to take ownership of the WindowsApps folder.

takeown /f "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps" /r /d y 

Reset Permissions: Use the icacls command to reset permissions.

icacls "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps" /reset /t /c /q 

Re-apply Default Permissions: After resetting, you might need to reapply the default permissions for the TrustedInstaller or your user account as needed.

2. System File Checker (SFC) and DISM

You've already run these tools, but it's worth running them again after resetting permissions to ensure system files are intact and correctly configured.

a. Run DISM

DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth 

b. Run SFC

sfc /scannow 

Since you've attempted an in-place upgrade without success, it might be worth trying again, especially after taking steps to correct permissions and potentially corrupted system files. An in-place upgrade can effectively refresh your Windows installation without affecting your files or installed applications.

If none of the above steps resolves the issue, and given your concerns about a full system reset, it's worth considering a "Reset this PC" operation with the option to keep your files. However, be aware that this will remove installed applications, so you'll need to reinstall them.

Given your detailed account of the issues and the steps you've already taken, it's clear you're comfortable with advanced troubleshooting.

If these steps do not resolve the issue, Given the potential complexity of the problem, It is more suitable for publishing on Microsoft Learn, you can click on "Ask a question", there are experts who can provide more professional solutions in that place.

Here is a link to the forum where you can raise specific scenarios and share your idea to help solve the problem.

I won't be able to help you, but I'll leave that question open in case one of our amazing volunteers has ideas for you.

Best regards

Derrick Qian | Microsoft Community Support Specialist

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Last updated May 5, 2024 Views 533 Applies to: