I am having the same problem. It started with a malware / virus issue. The virus shut down all my anti-virus software and would not let anything even remotely close to anti-virus / anti-malware install.
I managed to remove the virus, some of it by hand, but then I noticed that some of the symptoms stayed. Most notably anti-virus programs not installing or running. I can run all of them in safe mode, but they fail in safe mode with networking or diagnostic
start. Also, those that would not install could be installed in safe mode (after turning on the installer service).
I finally got windows defender working and it removed a threat (twice) but the problem remained. Prowess.D
I tried doing the reset your pc option but have the same symptoms of the little circle going for about 1 second then everything stopping. I can not find anything in the event viewer to indicate why it failed. I also tried repairing from a USB stick, but
no luck.
I have run all the suggestions here, and a bunch from elsewhere, but again to no avail. Any help would be appreciated.