Unable to perform chkdsk with error: Access denied on Windows 10

Hi Jay,

Thank you for posting in Microsoft Community, we appreciate your interest in Windows 10.

This issue might have occurred when you do not have permissions to access the folder/ drive.

Do let us know the following to assist you better with this issue:

1. How exactly are you trying to run chkdsk command?
2. On which drive are you deploying chkdsk command?

Step 1: Try the following steps to take the ownership of the respective folder/ drive and check if it helps:

1. Right-click the C: Drive that you want to take ownership of, and then click Properties.
2. Click the Security tab, and then click OK on the Security message, if one appears.
3. Click Advanced, and then click the Owner tab.
4. In the Name list, click your user name, Administrator if you are logged in as Administrator, or click the Administrators group.
5. If you want to take ownership of the contents of that folder, click to select the Replace owner on subcontainers and objects check box.
6. Click OK.

• You may receive the following error message, where Folder is the name of the folder that you want to take ownership of:  You do not have permission to read the co1ntents of directory Folder. Do you want to replace the directory permissions with permissions granting you Full Control? All permissions will be replaced if you press Yes.

      7.  Click Yes.

     8.  Click OK, and then reapply the permissions and security settings that you want for the folder and the folder contents.

For reference go through the below article:

"Access Denied" or other errors when you access or work with files and folders in Windows

Step 2: I suggest you to follow the below steps to perform check disk:

1. Press Windows + X keys on the keyboard, click Command Prompt (Admin). 
2. In the Command Prompt, type the following command, and then press ENTER:  
                chkdsk /f  
3. You may be asked whether to schedule this volume to be checked next time when you restarts (Y/N).
4. Press Y key on the keyboard and press Enter key. 
5. Restart the computer and check.

Chkdsk disclaimer: The Chkdsk (Check Disc) scan will try to identify and repair bad sectors found on the hard drive. Any data present on these sectors might be lost in the process. The computer can also go into a no boot state. Proceed at your own risk.

Hope it helps. Reply to the post with an updated status of the issue to assist you further.