No you cannot you must use a generic install key to install depending on your version (likely 8.1 Professional). This gives a trial which allows you to install; if you go to system properties then you can input your actual Windows 8 (or 8.1) product key
and activate.
Install now, Activate later
In previous versions, it was possible to install Windows without key, run it as trial for up to 120 days, and enter a product key later. This option on first sight seems to have been removed in Windows 8.
However, it's still possible to pre-install Windows 8 or Windows 8.1 with a generic key. These keys can only install Windows. It's not possible to activate it unless you enter an original key purchased from Microsoft. Here they come...
XKY4K-2NRWR-8F6P2-448RF-CRYQH (Windows 8 Professional)
RR3BN-3YY9P-9D7FC-7J4YF-QGJXW (Windows 8 Professional with Media Center)
FB4WR-32NVD-4RW79-XQFWH-CYQG3 (Windows 8 [Home])
XHQ8N-C3MCJ-RQXB6-WCHYG-C9WKB (Windows 8.1 Professional)
GBFNG-2X3TC-8R27F-RMKYB-JK7QT (Windows 8.1 Professional with Media Center)
334NH-RXG76-64THK-C7CKG-D3VPT (Windows 8.1 [Home])
If you can get hold of the installation disk, you can use these keys to install now, and purchase an activation key after 4 months.
From:
http://heidoc.net/joomla/technology-science/microsoft/70-windows-8-direct-download-links