Hi andrew,
The error code and error message could occur due to some third party application installed on the computer. This might also happen if Windows 8 is not completely updated (including the device drivers).
1) Did you check if all the updates offered from Windows Update are installed on Windows 8?
2) Is there any third party security software installed on the computer?
If not, install all the updates and then check if the drivers installed on the computer are up-to-date.
For issues related to Windows Update, refer to the link:
http://windows.microsoft.com/en-in/windows-8/troubleshoot-problems-installing-updates
Follow the methods to further troubleshoot the issue:
Method 1:
I would suggest you to reset Windows store cache memory and check if it helps.
You can follow the steps to do so:
a) On the desktop screen, press Windows and R key to open run box.
b) Type WSReset.exe and hit
Enter.
Try to install Windows 8.1 again from Store and check if it resolves the issue. If not, proceed to the second method.
Method 2:
If you have any third party security software installed on the computer, let’s uninstall it and check if that’s the cause for the failed installation.
Important Note: Security software can help protect your computer against viruses and other security threats. In most cases, you shouldn't disable your antivirus software. If you
have to temporarily disable it to install other software, you should re-enable it as soon as you're done. If you're connected to the Internet or a network while your antivirus software is disabled, your computer is vulnerable to attacks.
Method 3:
You can also place the computer in a clean boot and then try to install the upgrade. Clean boot will eliminate the software conflicts.
You may follow the article mentioned to perform a clean boot.
Perform a Clean Boot
Follow the instructions (Step 1 for Windows 8) given in this link to perform a clean boot:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/929135
Note: After performing the troubleshooting steps in clean boot, follow these steps to return the computer to Normal startup mode.
a) Press the ‘Windows + R’ key on the keyboard.
b) In the ‘Run’ windows type ’MSCONFIG’ and click ‘Ok’.
c) On the General tab, click the Normal Startup option, and then click ok.
d) When you are prompted to restart the computer, click Restart.
For further reference, you can refer to the link and follow the steps to update to Windows 8.1 from Windows 8:
"Update to Windows 8.1 from Windows 8"
http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-8/update-from-windows-8-tutorial
Please let us know if the issue still persists. We will be glad to assist you.