Error windows could not configure one ore more system components

Hi СергейБаглаев
I am Vijay, an Independent Advisor. I am here to work with you on this problem.

You should upgrade to 1903 through Media creation tool. Execute the below steps to go to 1903

1. Windows Key+X > Windows Powershell (Admin)
Type following (or copy and paste following) one by one and Enter

net stop wuauserv
net stop cryptSvc
net stop bits
net stop msiserver
Ren C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution SoftwareDistribution.old
Ren C:\Windows\System32\catroot2 Catroot2.old
net start wuauserv
net start cryptSvc
net start bits
net start msiserver

2. Type following in Windows Start Search box (Cortana) and hit Enter %systemroot%\Logs\CBS > Rename CBS.Log to something else.
If it doesn't allow you to rename - Type services in Windows Start Search box > Click Services > Scroll down to find the Windows Modules Installer service and double-click on it > Set its startup type to Manual > Reboot your computer
Go to C:\Windows\Logs\CBS > Rename CBS.Log > Reboot your computer > Then go back into the Services App and set Windows Modules Installer Service back to Automatic Startup (Note CBS log files contain information about windows update, SFC etc)

(Source - https://partnersupport.microsoft.com/en-us/par_...)

3. A. Take a backup of your computer before you proceed.
B. Disable any third party Antivirus (After update is successful, you can enable it again)
C. You can go to https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-downlo...

You can download the latest Windows 10 package from this link (media creation tool) and follow the instructions there to upgrade. Use the very simple instructions given under Using this tool to upgrade this PC to Windows 10

Do let me know if you have any more question or require further help.