Hi ,TJNA
Welcome to Microsoft Community.
According to your description, your computer is having a serious problem reading the pictures.
First of all, let's rule out whether it is the problem of the source of the image.
I suggest you test to take a screenshot of a picture locally by win+shift+S, save it as .jpg and open it to see if it can be opened normally.
However, according to your description, there are problems with viewing in many image viewers, which shows that the probability is very small.
If it still can't be turned on normally, let's start the computer to a relatively clean state to exclude whether there is any software program interference.
Perform a clean boot: How to perform a clean boot in Windows (microsoft.com)
(Disclaimer: A “clean boot” starts Windows with a minimal set of drivers and startup programs. It helps to determine whether a background program is interfering with your game or program and to isolate the cause of a problem.
These steps of "clean boot" might look complicated at first glance. However, to avoid any trouble for you, please follow them in order and step-by step so that it will help you get you back on track.)
See if the problem is resolved.
If you still cannot save as, there is a problem with your system parsing the image, it is recommended to overwrite the system to fix the problem.
This operation preserves your files and software, just for system repair :
1. Please enter the following link
Download Windows 10 (microsoft.com)
Select "Download Tool Now"
2. After the download is complete, run this tool, choose to create media for another computer, and then choose the ISO file as the next step to save as to the path you can find and wait for the installation.
3. After the download is complete, you need to find the downloaded ISO file and right-click to open the file explorer. After opening, you will see several folders. The setup program runs to start the installation program.
4. Change the Windows installer - not now, next step, next step, will do a system replacement repair after prompting to keep your files and software.
I hope this reply could address your question, or if you will have any further question on it, please feel free to let me know.
Best Regards,
Hinata
Microsoft Community Support Specialist