I hope what follows is the log you are looking for. It contains the error code as well. The only hardware I have installed is a 128gb sd card. I found one of those that would work properly on the S3, but, then, that's another story.
Log Name: System
Source: Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient
Date: 2/8/2016 8:13:47 AM
Event ID: 20
Task Category: Windows Update Agent
Level: Error
Keywords: Failure,Installation
User: SYSTEM
Computer: DESKTOP-9QVA9L8
Description:
Installation Failure: Windows failed to install the following update with error 0xE0000203: System Firmware Update - 2/4/2016.
Event Xml:
<Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event">
<System>
<Provider Name="Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient" Guid="{945A8954-C147-4ACD-923F-40C45405A658}" />
<EventID>20</EventID>
<Version>1</Version>
<Level>2</Level>
<Task>1</Task>
<Opcode>13</Opcode>
<Keywords>0x8000000000000028</Keywords>
<TimeCreated SystemTime="2016-02-08T16:13:47.149471800Z" />
<EventRecordID>13808</EventRecordID>
<Correlation />
<Execution ProcessID="656" ThreadID="2140" />
<Channel>System</Channel>
<Computer>DESKTOP-9QVA9L8</Computer>
<Security UserID="S-1-5-18" />
</System>
<EventData>
<Data Name="errorCode">0xe0000203</Data>
<Data Name="updateTitle">System Firmware Update - 2/4/2016</Data>
<Data Name="updateGuid">{8463D10E-E050-4D02-A010-8BECC08C625F}</Data>
<Data Name="updateRevisionNumber">2</Data>
<Data Name="serviceGuid">{7971F918-A847-4430-9279-4A52D1EFE18D}</Data>
</EventData>
</Event>