Hello SulaimanK,
Thank you for bringing this to our attention. We appreciate that you've taken the time to post your concern here in Microsoft Community Forum.
We understand that you’re having trouble with your Outlook profile picture. Let’s work together to get to the bottom of this.
Now in order for us to better assist you on this matter I need to ask:
Can you please provide us the email domain of the account you've used in sending email from Outlook to Gmail?(ex. @outlook.com, @hotmail.com etc.).
How did you change your Outlook profile photo? Can you give us the step by step process?
Is your account a business or personal?
How did you access your Gmail emails that shows the old photo? ( Webmail - using a browser or Outlook app).
I personally experienced the same thing here on my end using my personal laptop. I did some test here on my end and I have an outlook.com account so I've sent an email to myself and I was able to see my profile picture that I setup online with my Microsoft account. However when I send emails to Gmail and Yahoo it didn't display my profile picture, instead it only display my initials (JJ).
The only time I've seen my profile picture in GMAIL is by updating the picture manually from the contact list and make sure you added it first as a contact person.
I also did some test with Yahoo and Gmail. I have sent an email from Yahoo to Gmail and I was able to see my Yahoo profile picture when I open the email in Gmail and vice versa. But when I send email from outlook.com to Yahoo, same exact issue nothing is showing but only the initials.
I did a thorough investigation and more research, I found out that Microsoft would only display your profile picture that you setup online through account.microsoft.com website if you are being signed in to any devices that uses your Microsoft account log in credential (ex. Windows 10 computer log in, Microsoft Office - Outlook, Excel, PowerPoint and Word - outlook.com website to access emails etc.) any third party websites or applications that didn't use Microsoft log in, it will not display your profile picture at all.
Below is the photo that can explain everything.
I also found one issue posted here in Community way back 2020 which is related to the issue you've posted. Please check the link.
>> Wrong Contact Picture on Gmail when sending from Outlook. - Microsoft Community
Please help us raise this concern or feature to Microsoft by providing a feedback, any feedback will be highly appreciated.
>>How do I give feedback on Microsoft Office?
I hope this answers your question.
We look forward to your response.
Consumer M365 Forum Moderator