As the previous posts hint, this problem is caused by a broken reference. The problem here is that Excel 2010 does not explicitly show it and simply crashes.
The crash is so bad, that the file cannot be saved in Excel 2010 format (.xlsm) or in the native .xls (97-2003 format).
As Sunnyside reports, the problem can be linked to the Progress Bar control, although this is not the only one that resides in the broken reference. These are the steps to fix the problem:
1. Open the .xls file in question and click OK after getting the error mentioned above.
2. Open the Visual Basic Editor (Alt+F11)
3. Open (if they are not already open) one of the modules or code behind forms
4. Click on Tools / References...
5. In the pop-up window click on Browse...
6. Navigate to [Your Windows Directory]\System32 (it may open by default)
7. Type MSCOMCTL.OCX (you'll see it in the auto-select options before you finish typing)
8. Click Open and the reference will appear as Microsoft Windows Common Controls 6.0 (SP6)
9. Click on Debug\Compile VBAProject to verify that the problem is solved
10. Save the file.
As mentioned above, this could happen for other controls as well, but the progress bar seems to be the most popular.