It looks as though the large growth in file size is to be expected, though the math and diagrams add extra. I took a second file that originated in another wordprocessor and not as a scan. It was
5.2 MB exported from Acrobat as DOCX. After being converted to Word 2013 from Compatibility Mode, the size grew to
18.4 MB. This time there was no math and no diagrams. As Suzanne points out
in another thread, a PDF could be opened directly by Word 2013. When I did it with this PDF, the resulting file was
5.0 MB instead of
18.4.
My PDF from scans wouldn't open directly because of errors. That's not really a loss, since even if it had opened, it would not have been searchable, just an image. But did it need to become 82 MB in Word 2013 as opposed to
10 in Compatibility Mode?